Step 1: Understand the context of enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy. They interact with specific molecules called substrates to form an enzyme-substrate complex.
Step 2: Analyze the equation provided in the problem. The equation describes the sequence of events in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction: active enzyme + (1)______ → (2)______ + (3)______.
Step 3: Recall the typical progression of enzyme-catalyzed reactions. First, the enzyme binds to the substrate to form the enzyme-substrate complex. Then, the substrate is converted into the product, and the enzyme is released unchanged.
Step 4: Match the options provided with the correct sequence of events. The correct sequence involves (1) substrate, (2) enzyme-substrate complex, and (3) product, as this reflects the standard mechanism of enzyme action.
Step 5: Eliminate incorrect options. For example, inhibitors do not form enzyme-substrate complexes, and cofactors are not substrates. Products are formed at the end of the reaction, not at the beginning.