Q: Which of the following IR absorption peaks would you expect to see for a carboxylic acid?

Sharp peak near 1700 $$\text{cm}^{-1} (C=O $$stretch) and broad peak near 3500 $$\text{cm}^{-1} (O-H $$stretch)

Question 1

Which of the following best explains why enzymes increase the rate of biochemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

They lower the activation energy ($$E_a) $$required for the reaction.

Question 2

A patient is found to have a mutation that causes their hemoglobin to have a much lower affinity for oxygen. Which of the following best describes the effect on the oxygen dissociation curve?

Accepted Answer

The curve will shift to the right, indicating lower affinity.

Question 3

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship for the equilibrium constant ($$K_{eq}) $$for the reaction $$aA + bB \rightleftharpoons cC + dD$$?

Accepted Answer

$$K_{eq} = \frac{[C]^c [D]^d}{[A]^a [B]^b}$$

Question 4

A competitive inhibitor of an enzyme will have which of the following effects on enzyme kinetics?

Accepted Answer

No change in $$V_{max}$$ and increase $$K_m$$

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the main output of glycolysis per molecule of glucose?

Accepted Answer

2 pyruvate, 2 ATP, 2 NADH

Question 6

Which of the following functional groups is present in acetone?

Accepted Answer

Ketone

Question 7

A patient is experiencing symptoms of depression. Which neurotransmitter levels are most likely decreased in this individual?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium equation for genotype frequencies?

Accepted Answer

$$p^2 + 2pq$$ + $$q^2 = 1$

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the action potential in neurons is correct?

Accepted Answer

Depolarization is caused by Na$$^+$$ influx.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the role of the AV node in the cardiac conduction system?

Accepted Answer

It delays the electrical impulse to allow ventricular filling.

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct formula for the ideal gas law?

Accepted Answer

$$PV = nRT$$

Question 12

A solution contains 0.5 moles of NaCl dissolved in 1 liter of water. What is the molarity ($$M) of $$the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$0.5\ M$$

Question 13

Which of the following IR absorption peaks would you expect to see for a carboxylic acid?

Accepted Answer

Sharp peak near 1700 $$	ext{cm}^{-1} (C=O $$stretch) and broad peak near 3500 $$	ext{cm}^{-1} (O-H $$stretch)

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the difference between peptide and steroid hormones?

Accepted Answer

Peptide hormones act quickly via second messengers; steroid hormones act slowly via transcriptional regulation.

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct statement about the central dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

DNA is transcribed into RNA, which is translated into protein.

Question 16

A person is exposed to a stressful situation for a prolonged period. According to the General Adaptation Syndrome, which stage is most likely to occur after resistance?

Accepted Answer

Exhaustion

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the Bohr effect in hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

Hemoglobin has lower affinity for O$$_2 at $$high CO$$_2$$ concentration.

Question 18

Which of the following is a characteristic of a zwitterion form of an amino acid at physiological pH?

Accepted Answer

Amino group is protonated, carboxyl group is deprotonated.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the Fundamental Attribution Error?

Accepted Answer

Attributing others' behavior to internal personality factors rather than the situation.

MCAT High-Yield Biochemistry & Related Concepts: Mini-Study Guide

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