Multiple Choice
From which of the following locations does most of Earth's water evaporation occur?
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3. Water
Properties of Water- Thermal
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Why does warmer water at the bottom of a container rise to the top?
A
Because warmer water molecules are heavier and sink to the bottom.
B
Because warmer water forms hydrogen bonds more easily, pulling it upward.
C
Because warmer water evaporates and leaves only cooler water behind.
D
Because warmer water is less dense than cooler water, causing it to rise.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the concept of density. Density is defined as mass per unit volume, and it determines whether a substance will sink or float in a fluid. Warmer water has lower density compared to cooler water.
Step 2: Explore the relationship between temperature and density. As water is heated, the molecules gain kinetic energy and move faster, spreading out and occupying more space. This increase in volume leads to a decrease in density.
Step 3: Apply the principle of buoyancy. In a fluid, less dense substances rise above denser substances due to buoyant forces. Warmer water, being less dense, rises above cooler water.
Step 4: Rule out incorrect options. Heavier molecules sink, but warmer water molecules are not heavier; they are less dense. Hydrogen bonds do not pull water upward; they stabilize its structure. Evaporation does not explain the movement of warmer water within the container.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is based on the principle of density differences. Warmer water rises because it is less dense than cooler water, which remains at the bottom.
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