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Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes geographic isolation in the context of natural selection and evolution?
A
Mutations occur randomly within the DNA of an organism.
B
Individuals within a population choose mates based on specific traits.
C
A sudden change in the environment causes a rapid decrease in population size.
D
A physical barrier separates populations of a species, preventing them from interbreeding.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the concept of geographic isolation: Geographic isolation occurs when a physical barrier, such as a mountain range, river, or ocean, separates populations of a species, preventing them from interbreeding.
Relate geographic isolation to natural selection and evolution: When populations are separated, they may experience different environmental pressures, leading to the accumulation of genetic differences over time through natural selection.
Compare the provided options: Evaluate each option to determine which one aligns with the definition of geographic isolation. For example, mutations occurring randomly or mate selection based on traits are not directly related to physical barriers.
Identify the correct description: The option stating 'A physical barrier separates populations of a species, preventing them from interbreeding' directly matches the definition of geographic isolation.
Conclude the reasoning: Geographic isolation is a key mechanism in speciation, as it can lead to the divergence of populations into distinct species due to lack of gene flow and differing selective pressures.