Multiple Choice
How do ribosomes use mRNA and tRNA to assemble proteins during translation?
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15. Gene Expression
Introduction to Translation
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How are amino acids assembled into a polypeptide chain during the process of translation?
A
By RNA polymerase transcribing amino acids from mRNA
B
By ribosomes reading mRNA codons and tRNA bringing the corresponding amino acids
C
By ribosomes directly synthesizing amino acids from free nucleotides
D
By DNA polymerase synthesizing amino acids directly from DNA
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using mRNA as a template.
Recognize that mRNA is composed of codons, which are sequences of three nucleotides that correspond to specific amino acids.
Learn that tRNA molecules have anticodons that are complementary to the mRNA codons and carry the appropriate amino acids to the ribosome.
Know that the ribosome facilitates the binding of tRNA anticodons to mRNA codons, ensuring the correct sequence of amino acids is assembled.
Realize that as the ribosome moves along the mRNA, it catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids, forming a polypeptide chain.
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