Multiple Choice
Which term best describes a heritable trait that increases an organism's chance of survival and reproduction in a particular environment?
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1. Introduction to Biology
Natural Selection and Evolution
Multiple Choice
Which phrase best describes the concept of 'descent with modification' in the context of natural selection and evolution?
A
The elimination of all genetic variation within a population
B
The sudden appearance of entirely new species without ancestral links
C
The inheritance of acquired characteristics during an organism's lifetime
D
The passing of traits from parents to offspring with changes over generations
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the concept of 'descent with modification': This term refers to the process by which traits are passed from parents to offspring, with slight changes occurring over generations. These changes can accumulate, leading to the evolution of new traits or even new species over time.
Clarify the role of natural selection: Natural selection acts on the genetic variation within a population, favoring traits that improve survival and reproduction. Over generations, these advantageous traits become more common, contributing to 'descent with modification.'
Eliminate incorrect options: The elimination of all genetic variation is not accurate because genetic variation is essential for evolution. The sudden appearance of entirely new species without ancestral links contradicts the gradual nature of evolution. The inheritance of acquired characteristics (e.g., traits gained during an organism's lifetime) is not supported by modern genetics.
Focus on the correct option: The passing of traits from parents to offspring with changes over generations aligns with the concept of 'descent with modification.' These changes are driven by genetic variation, mutation, and natural selection.
Conclude: 'Descent with modification' is a foundational principle of evolution, explaining how species change over time while maintaining a connection to their ancestors.
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