Multiple Choice
How did Bernard Kettlewell test his hypothesis about natural selection in peppered moths?
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1. Introduction to Biology
Natural Selection and Evolution
Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes how microevolution and migration can affect an ecosystem?
A
Migration decreases genetic diversity, while microevolution prevents any changes in allele frequencies.
B
Microevolution introduces genetic changes within a population, while migration brings new individuals and genes, both of which can alter species composition and ecosystem dynamics.
C
Both microevolution and migration eliminate all competition between species in an ecosystem.
D
Microevolution and migration only affect abiotic factors in an ecosystem, not the genetic diversity of populations.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the concept of microevolution. Microevolution refers to small-scale changes in allele frequencies within a population over time. These changes can result from mechanisms such as mutation, natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow. It introduces genetic variation within a population, which can influence traits and adaptability.
Step 2: Understand the concept of migration. Migration involves the movement of individuals from one population to another. This process can introduce new genes into a population, increasing genetic diversity and potentially altering the genetic makeup of the receiving population.
Step 3: Analyze how microevolution and migration interact. Microevolution changes allele frequencies within a population, while migration can bring new individuals and genes into a population. Together, these processes can affect species composition, genetic diversity, and ecosystem dynamics.
Step 4: Evaluate the incorrect options. For example, migration does not decrease genetic diversity—it typically increases it by introducing new genetic material. Microevolution does not prevent changes in allele frequencies; it is the process that causes such changes. Additionally, neither microevolution nor migration eliminates competition between species or affects only abiotic factors.
Step 5: Conclude with the correct explanation. Microevolution introduces genetic changes within a population, while migration brings new individuals and genes. Both processes can alter species composition and ecosystem dynamics, making this the most accurate description of their effects.
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