Multiple Choice
Which type of metabolic reaction requires ATP to proceed?
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7. Energy and Metabolism
Introduction to Metabolism
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What happens to energy as it moves through life processes?
A
It is recycled back into the ecosystem without any loss.
B
It is lost as heat at each transfer.
C
It increases in quantity with each transfer.
D
It is completely converted into matter.
Verified step by step guidance1
Begin by understanding the concept of energy flow in ecosystems. Energy enters an ecosystem primarily through sunlight, which is captured by producers (like plants) during photosynthesis.
Recognize that energy is transferred through the ecosystem via food chains and food webs. Producers convert solar energy into chemical energy, which is then passed on to consumers (herbivores, carnivores, etc.).
Consider the laws of thermodynamics, particularly the second law, which states that energy transformations are not 100% efficient. Some energy is always lost as heat during these transformations.
Understand that as energy moves through trophic levels—from producers to various levels of consumers—there is a loss of energy at each step, primarily as heat. This is why energy decreases in quantity as it moves up the food chain.
Conclude that energy is not recycled in the ecosystem in its original form. Instead, it is continuously lost as heat, necessitating a constant input of energy (e.g., sunlight) to sustain life processes.
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