Multiple Choice
Which of the following is an example of heterochromatin in eukaryotic cells?
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16. Regulation of Expression
Eukaryotic Chromatin Modifications
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What effect does methylation of CpG islands have on human promoters?
A
It typically silences gene expression.
B
It enhances gene expression.
C
It has no effect on gene expression.
D
It causes DNA to unwind from histones.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that CpG islands are regions of DNA with a high frequency of cytosine and guanine nucleotides linked by a phosphate bond, often found near gene promoters.
Recognize that methylation refers to the addition of a methyl group (CH₃) to the DNA molecule, typically at the cytosine base in CpG dinucleotides.
Learn that methylation of CpG islands in gene promoters is a common epigenetic modification that can affect gene expression.
Know that when CpG islands in promoters are methylated, it generally leads to the repression or silencing of gene expression. This is because methylation can prevent the binding of transcription factors and attract proteins that compact the chromatin structure, making it less accessible for transcription.
Conclude that the methylation of CpG islands typically silences gene expression, which is a key mechanism in regulating genes and maintaining cellular function.
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