Multiple Choice
At a synapse, the neuron that responds to the neurotransmitter is the ______ neuron.
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10. Cell Signaling
Introduction to Cell Signaling
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The primary function of kinases in signal transduction is to:
A
Hydrolyze ATP to ADP without modifying proteins
B
Transport signaling molecules across the cell membrane
C
Add phosphate groups to target proteins
D
Remove phosphate groups from target proteins
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of kinases in cellular processes: Kinases are enzymes that play a critical role in signal transduction by modifying proteins to regulate their activity.
Recall the biochemical mechanism of kinases: Kinases catalyze the transfer of phosphate groups from ATP to specific amino acid residues (such as serine, threonine, or tyrosine) on target proteins.
Recognize the importance of phosphorylation: Adding phosphate groups to proteins can activate or deactivate them, alter their interactions with other molecules, or change their localization within the cell.
Differentiate kinases from other enzymes: Kinases add phosphate groups, whereas phosphatases remove phosphate groups from proteins. This distinction is key to understanding their opposing roles in signal transduction.
Conclude the primary function of kinases: Based on the above information, the primary function of kinases in signal transduction is to add phosphate groups to target proteins, thereby modulating their activity and facilitating cellular responses to signals.
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