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Multiple Choice
Which of the following is a known risk factor that increases an individual's chance of developing cancer?
A
Low body mass index (BMI)
B
Exposure to ionizing radiation
C
Regular physical activity
D
Consuming a diet high in fruits and vegetables
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the concept of risk factors: Risk factors are conditions or behaviors that increase the likelihood of developing a disease, such as cancer. These can be environmental, genetic, or lifestyle-related.
Evaluate each option: Analyze whether each option is scientifically linked to an increased risk of cancer. For example, exposure to ionizing radiation is a well-documented risk factor for cancer, as it can damage DNA and lead to mutations.
Clarify the role of ionizing radiation: Ionizing radiation includes X-rays, gamma rays, and radioactive materials. It has enough energy to remove tightly bound electrons from atoms, which can cause cellular damage and increase cancer risk.
Assess the other options: Low body mass index (BMI), regular physical activity, and consuming a diet high in fruits and vegetables are generally associated with reduced cancer risk, not increased risk. These behaviors are often protective factors.
Conclude the correct answer: Based on scientific evidence, exposure to ionizing radiation is the only option listed that is a known risk factor for increasing the chance of developing cancer.