Multiple Choice
Which of the following steps occurs last in the initiation phase of translation?
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15. Gene Expression
Steps of Translation
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What causes translation to stop during protein synthesis?
A
The ribosome reaches the end of the mRNA strand
B
The ribosome runs out of tRNA molecules
C
The mRNA is fully transcribed
D
The ribosome reaches a stop codon on the mRNA
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using mRNA as a template.
Recognize that during translation, the ribosome moves along the mRNA strand, reading its nucleotide sequence in sets of three bases called codons.
Learn that each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal, which is crucial for the synthesis of proteins.
Identify that a stop codon is a specific sequence of three nucleotides on the mRNA that signals the termination of protein synthesis. The common stop codons are UAA, UAG, and UGA.
Conclude that translation stops when the ribosome encounters a stop codon on the mRNA, as there are no tRNA molecules that correspond to stop codons, leading to the release of the newly synthesized protein.
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