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Multiple Choice
What purpose does the G2 checkpoint serve in the cell cycle?
A
It ensures that DNA replication is complete and checks for DNA damage before mitosis.
B
It verifies that the cell has adequate nutrients and energy to proceed to the S phase.
C
It monitors the cell size and DNA integrity before entering the G1 phase.
D
It checks for proper chromosome alignment before anaphase.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the context of the cell cycle: The cell cycle consists of several phases, including G1, S, G2, and M (mitosis). Each phase has specific checkpoints to ensure the cell is ready to proceed to the next stage.
Identify the G2 phase: The G2 phase occurs after DNA replication (S phase) and before mitosis (M phase). It is a period of growth and preparation for cell division.
Define the purpose of the G2 checkpoint: The G2 checkpoint is crucial for ensuring that DNA replication is complete and that there is no DNA damage before the cell enters mitosis.
Differentiate the G2 checkpoint from other checkpoints: The G1 checkpoint checks for cell size, nutrients, and DNA integrity before entering the S phase, while the metaphase checkpoint (during mitosis) ensures proper chromosome alignment before anaphase.
Conclude the role of the G2 checkpoint: The G2 checkpoint specifically ensures that the cell is ready for mitosis by verifying the completion of DNA replication and checking for DNA damage, thus preventing the propagation of errors to daughter cells.