Multiple Choice
In the context of early embryonic development, which embryonic structure develops first?
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11. Cell Division
Introduction to Cell Division
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Which of the following best describes the term 'cleavage' in the context of cell division?
A
The process by which homologous chromosomes are separated during meiosis I.
B
The physical separation of the cytoplasm into two daughter cells at the end of mitosis or meiosis.
C
The rapid series of mitotic divisions that immediately follow fertilization, resulting in smaller cells called blastomeres.
D
The duplication of DNA prior to cell division.
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Understand the term 'cleavage' in the context of cell division. Cleavage refers to the rapid series of mitotic divisions that occur immediately after fertilization in a developing embryo.
Step 2: Recognize that during cleavage, the zygote undergoes repeated mitotic divisions without significant growth, resulting in smaller cells called blastomeres.
Step 3: Differentiate cleavage from other processes such as cytokinesis (physical separation of the cytoplasm), DNA replication (duplication of DNA), and homologous chromosome separation during meiosis I.
Step 4: Note that cleavage is unique to early embryonic development and is distinct from the general processes of mitosis or meiosis in somatic or germ cells.
Step 5: Based on the provided options, identify that the correct description of cleavage is 'The rapid series of mitotic divisions that immediately follow fertilization, resulting in smaller cells called blastomeres.'
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