Multiple Choice
Which statement best describes how the sickle cell gene mutation can affect an organism?
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15. Gene Expression
Mutations
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What is likely to happen if a frameshift mutation occurs in a gene?
A
The reading frame of the genetic code is altered, potentially leading to a completely different protein.
B
The mutation results in the substitution of one amino acid for another, with minimal effect on the protein.
C
The mutation leads to the deletion of the entire gene, preventing any protein from being produced.
D
The mutation causes the gene to be duplicated, resulting in an extra copy of the protein.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand what a frameshift mutation is: A frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are inserted into or deleted from the DNA sequence, altering the reading frame of the genetic code.
Recognize the impact of a frameshift mutation: Since the genetic code is read in triplets (codons), adding or removing nucleotides shifts the reading frame, potentially changing every subsequent codon.
Consider the consequences on protein synthesis: The altered reading frame can lead to the incorporation of incorrect amino acids, resulting in a completely different protein or a nonfunctional protein.
Differentiate from other types of mutations: Unlike point mutations, which may only change one amino acid, frameshift mutations can affect the entire downstream sequence of amino acids.
Evaluate the options given: The most likely outcome of a frameshift mutation is the alteration of the reading frame, which can lead to a completely different protein being produced, rather than minimal effects or gene duplication.
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