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Multiple Choice
How does anaphase I in meiosis differ from anaphase in mitosis?
A
Both anaphase I of meiosis and anaphase of mitosis involve the separation of homologous chromosomes.
B
In anaphase I of meiosis, sister chromatids are separated, while in anaphase of mitosis, homologous chromosomes are separated.
C
Both anaphase I of meiosis and anaphase of mitosis involve the separation of sister chromatids.
D
In anaphase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes are separated, while in anaphase of mitosis, sister chromatids are separated.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the key difference between meiosis and mitosis: Meiosis is a process that reduces the chromosome number by half to produce gametes, while mitosis is a process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells.
Focus on the specific stages: Anaphase I in meiosis and anaphase in mitosis. These stages involve the separation of genetic material, but the type of material being separated differs.
In anaphase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes (pairs of chromosomes, one from each parent) are separated and pulled to opposite poles of the cell. This is a reductional division, meaning the chromosome number is halved.
In anaphase of mitosis, sister chromatids (identical copies of a chromosome connected by a centromere) are separated and pulled to opposite poles of the cell. This ensures that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes.
Summarize the distinction: In anaphase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes are separated, while in anaphase of mitosis, sister chromatids are separated. This difference is crucial for understanding how meiosis leads to genetic diversity and mitosis leads to identical cell replication.