21. Evolution

Introduction to Evolution and Natural Selection

Multiple Choice
When they were first sold, aerosol insecticides were highly effective in killing flies and mosquitoes. Now, several decades later, a much smaller proportion of these insects die when sprayed. The reason fewer insects die when they are sprayed is that __________.
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Multiple Choice
To describe evolution as a "scientific theory" means that __________.
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Multiple Choice
What did Darwin observe about species on islands?
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Multiple Choice
Evidence from molecular biology supports the theory of evolution by demonstrating that __________.
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Multiple Choice
All known organisms translate genetic information to produce protein molecules via the same genetic code. This finding strongly supports the hypothesis that __________.
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Multiple Choice
A population of zooplankton is exposed to a small number of predatory fish that feed on the larger-sized (adult) zooplankton. Which of the following predictions would most likely occur based on the principles of natural selection?
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Multiple Choice
How did some strains of Staphylococcus aureus become resistant to antibiotic drugs?
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Multiple Choice
Seemingly dissimilar organisms such as hummingbirds, humans, and whales have similar skeletal structures. This most directly suggested to biologists that __________.
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Multiple Choice
Animals that possess homologous structures probably __________.
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Multiple Choice
Vestigial organs are __________.
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Multiple Choice
Which of the following is an example of convergent evolution?
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Textbook Question
Which of the following is an observation or inference on which natural selection is based? (A) Individuals do not vary in their heritable characteristics. (B) Only well-adapted individuals produce offspring. (C) Species produce more offspring than the environment can support. (D) Nearly all of each individual's offspring will survive and reproduce.
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Textbook Question
Which of the following is not an observation or inference on which natural selection is based?
a. There is heritable variation among individuals.
b. Poorly adapted individuals never produce offspring.
c. Species produce more offspring than the environment can support.
d. Only a fraction of an individual's offspring may survive.
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Textbook Question
Summarize the key points of Darwin's theory of descent with modification, including his proposed mechanism of evolution.
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Textbook Question
True or false? Some traits are considered vestigial because they existed long ago.
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