Textbook Question
The inside of the neuron has a lower concentration of positive ions than the outside of the neuron. Is the membrane potential positive or negative?
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Ch. 28 Nervous Systems
Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan10th EditionCampbell Biology: Concepts & ConnectionsISBN: 9780136538783
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 Biology: The Study of Scientific Life19
- Ch. 2 The Chemical Basis of Life17
- Ch. 3 The Molecules of Cells21
- Ch. 4 A Tour of the Cell20
- Ch. 5 The Working Cell17
- Ch. 6 How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy18
- Ch. 7 Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food15
- Ch. 8 The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance22
- Ch. 9 Patterns of Inheritance17
- Ch. 10 Molecular Biology of the Gene13
- Ch. 11 How Genes Are Controlled13
- Ch. 12 DNA Technology and Genomics23
- Ch. 13 How Populations Evolve17
- Ch. 14 The Origin of Species19
- Ch. 15 Tracing Evolutionary History18
- Ch. 16 Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists16
- Ch. 17 The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity15
- Ch. 18 The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity13
- Ch. 19 The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity18
- Ch. 20 Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function11
- Ch. 21 Nutrition and Digestion16
- Ch. 22 Gas Exchange16
- Ch. 23 Circulation17
- Ch. 24 The Immune System16
- Ch. 25 Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance20
- Ch. 26 Hormones and the Endocrine System10
- Ch. 27 Reproduction and Embryonic Development12
- Ch. 28 Nervous Systems10
- Ch. 29 The Senses12
- Ch. 30 How Animals Move19
- Ch. 31 Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction9
- Ch. 32 Plant Nutrition and Transport12
- Ch. 33 Control Systems in Plants15
- Ch. 34 The Biosphere: An Introduction to Earth's Diverse Environments15
- Ch. 35 Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment12
- Ch. 36 Population Ecology15
- Ch. 37 Communities and Ecosystems14
- Ch. 38 Conservation Biology14
Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan10th EditionCampbell Biology: Concepts & ConnectionsISBN: 9780136538783Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 28, Problem 1
Test your understanding of the nervous system by matching the following labels with their corresponding letters: CNS, effector cells, interneuron, motor neuron, PNS, sensory neuron, sensory receptor, spinal cord, synapse. 
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Identify the sensory receptor (a) which detects the stimulus.
Trace the pathway from the sensory receptor to the sensory neuron (b) which transmits the signal to the central nervous system (CNS).
Locate the interneuron (c) within the spinal cord (e) that processes the information and forms a response.
Follow the pathway from the interneuron to the motor neuron (d) which carries the response signal to the effector cells (f).
Identify the synapse (g) where the motor neuron communicates with the effector cells to produce a response.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Central Nervous System (CNS)
The Central Nervous System consists of the brain and spinal cord, serving as the main control center for processing information and coordinating responses. It integrates sensory data and sends out commands to the body, playing a crucial role in reflex actions and higher cognitive functions.
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06:26
Peripheral Nervous System
Neurons and Synapses
Neurons are specialized cells that transmit nerve impulses throughout the nervous system. They communicate with each other at synapses, where neurotransmitters are released to relay signals. This process is essential for reflex actions and the overall functioning of the nervous system.
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06:22The Synapse
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
The Peripheral Nervous System includes all the nerves outside the CNS, connecting the brain and spinal cord to the rest of the body. It is divided into sensory neurons, which carry information to the CNS, and motor neurons, which transmit commands from the CNS to effector cells, such as muscles and glands.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
Fill in the blanks to match some brain structures with their associated functions.
a. If the ___________ is severed, the right and left cerebral hemispheres cannot communicate.
b. The ___________ system helps store emotional memories.
c. Accounting for most of the weight of your brain is the highly folded ___________ ; it is the outer region of the ___________ .
d. The ___________ is responsible for hand-eye coordination.
e. The ___________ contains a cluster of neurons that function as the biological clock.
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Textbook Question
What causes a nerve signal to move from one end of a neuron along the length of the neuron to the other end? What is a nerve signal, exactly? Why can't it go backward? How is a nerve signal transmitted from one neuron to the next across a synapse? Write a short paragraph that answers these questions.
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