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Goodness of Fit Test - Excel definitions

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  • Goodness of Fit Test
    A statistical procedure for comparing observed frequencies to those expected under a claimed distribution.
  • Chi-Square Statistic
    A value measuring the discrepancy between observed and expected frequencies across categories.
  • Observed Frequency
    The actual count of occurrences recorded for each category in a dataset.
  • Expected Value
    A calculated count for each category, found by multiplying sample size by category proportion.
  • Category Proportion
    A probability assigned to each group, often found by dividing one by the number of categories.
  • Null Hypothesis
    A statement asserting that observed data matches the claimed or expected distribution.
  • Alternative Hypothesis
    A statement suggesting that observed data does not match the claimed or expected distribution.
  • Significance Level
    A threshold, often denoted alpha, used to determine whether to reject the null hypothesis.
  • P-Value
    A probability indicating how likely observed results are under the null hypothesis.
  • CHISQ.TEST Function
    An Excel tool that computes the p-value for a chi-square test using observed and expected values.
  • Sample Size
    The total number of observations or items included in the analysis.
  • Category
    A distinct group or type within the data, such as a specific flavor in a candy bag.
  • Alpha
    A chosen cutoff probability, commonly 0.05, for deciding statistical significance.
  • Claimed Distribution
    An assumed pattern or spread of data across categories, used as a basis for comparison.
  • Frequency Table
    A structured display showing counts for each category, often used to organize observed data.