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Multiple Choice
Calculate the value of the iterated integral:
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Verified step by step guidance
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First, recognize that the given integral is an iterated integral: \( \int_0^3 \int_0^1 \frac{4xy}{x^2 + y^2} \, dy \, dx \). This means we will integrate with respect to \( y \) first, and then with respect to \( x \).
Focus on the inner integral \( \int_0^1 \frac{4xy}{x^2 + y^2} \, dy \). Treat \( x \) as a constant since we are integrating with respect to \( y \).
To solve the inner integral, consider the substitution \( u = x^2 + y^2 \), which simplifies the denominator. Then, \( du = 2y \, dy \). Adjust the limits of integration for \( u \): when \( y = 0 \), \( u = x^2 \), and when \( y = 1 \), \( u = x^2 + 1 \).
After substitution, the inner integral becomes \( \int_{x^2}^{x^2+1} \frac{4x}{2} \cdot \frac{1}{u} \, du \), which simplifies to \( 2x \int_{x^2}^{x^2+1} \frac{1}{u} \, du \). The integral of \( \frac{1}{u} \) is \( \ln|u| \), so evaluate this as \( 2x [\ln(x^2+1) - \ln(x^2)] \).
Now substitute the result of the inner integral into the outer integral: \( \int_0^3 2x [\ln(x^2+1) - \ln(x^2)] \, dx \). Simplify the logarithmic expression using the property \( \ln(a) - \ln(b) = \ln(\frac{a}{b}) \), and then proceed to evaluate the outer integral. Use substitution or integration by parts as needed to complete the calculation.