Radius and interval of convergence Use the Ratio Test or the Root Test to determine the radius of convergence of the following power series. Test the endpoints to determine the interval of convergence, when appropriate.

∞

Σ x⁴ᵏ/k²

k = 1

Radius and interval of convergence Use the Ratio Test or the Root Test to determine the radius of convergence of the following power series. Test the endpoints to determine the interval of convergence, when appropriate.

∞

Σ (x - 1)ᵏ/(k5ᵏ)

k = 1

Radius and interval of convergence Use the Ratio Test or the Root Test to determine the radius of convergence of the following power series. Test the endpoints to determine the interval of convergence, when appropriate.

∞

Σ (x/9)³ᵏ

k = 0

Radius and interval of convergence Use the Ratio Test or the Root Test to determine the radius of convergence of the following power series. Test the endpoints to determine the interval of convergence, when appropriate.

x +x³/3 +x⁵/5 +x⁷/7 + ...

Taylor polynomials Find the nth-order Taylor polynomial for the following functions centered at the given point a.

ƒ(x) = cos⁻¹ x, n = 2, a = 1/2

Taylor polynomials Find the nth-order Taylor polynomial for the following functions centered at the given point a.

ƒ(x) = sin 2x, n = 3, a = 0

Taylor polynomials Find the nth-order Taylor polynomial for the following functions centered at the given point a.

ƒ(x) = sinh (-3x), n = 3, a = 0

Taylor polynomials Find the nth-order Taylor polynomial for the following functions centered at the given point a.

ƒ(x) = e^(sin x), n = 2, a = 0

Write out the first three terms of the Maclaurin series for the following functions.

ƒ(x) = (1 + x)^(1/3)"

Binomial series Write out the first three terms of the Maclaurin series for the following functions.

ƒ(x) = (1 + 2x)^(-5)

Taylor series Write out the first three nonzero terms of the Taylor series for the following functions centered at the given point a. Then write the series using summation notation.

ƒ(x) = cos x, a = π/2

Taylor series Write out the first three nonzero terms of the Taylor series for the following functions centered at the given point a. Then write the series using summation notation.

ƒ(x) = 1/(4 + x²), a = 0

Limits by power series Use Taylor series to evaluate the following limits.

lim ₙ → 0 (x²/2 - 1 + cos x)/x⁴

Limits by power series Use Taylor series to evaluate the following limits.

lim ₙ → ₄ ln (x - 3)/(x² - 16)

ƒ(x) = eˣ, a = 0; e-0.08

a. Find the Taylor polynomials of order n = 1 and n = 2 for the given functions centered at the given point a.

ƒ(x) = eˣ, a = 0; e-0.08

b. Use the Taylor polynomials to approximate the given expression. Make a table showing the approximations and the absolute error in these approximations using a calculator for the exact function value.

Find the remainder term Rₙ(x) for the Taylor series centered at 0 for the following functions. Find an upper bound for the magnitude of the remainder on the given interval for the given value of n. (The bound is not unique.)

ƒ(x) = eˣ; bound R₃(x), for |x| < 1

Find the remainder term Rₙ(x) for the Taylor series centered at 0 for the following functions. Find an upper bound for the magnitude of the remainder on the given interval for the given value of n. (The bound is not unique.)

ƒ(x) = ln (1 - x); bound R₃(x), for |x| < 1/2

Power series from the geometric series Use the geometric series a Σₖ ₌ ₀ ∞ (x)ᵏ = 1/(1 - x), for |x| < 1, to determine the Maclaurin series and the interval of convergence for the following functions.

ƒ(x) = 1/(1 - x²)

Power series from the geometric series Use the geometric series a Σₖ ₌ ₀ ∞ (x)ᵏ = 1/(1 - x), for |x| < 1, to determine the Maclaurin series and the interval of convergence for the following functions.

ƒ(x) = 1/(1 + 5x)

Power series from the geometric series Use the geometric series a Σₖ ₌ ₀ ∞ (x)ᵏ = 1/(1 - x), for |x| < 1, to determine the Maclaurin series and the interval of convergence for the following functions.

ƒ(x) = ln (1 - 4x)

Approximating real numbers Use an appropriate Taylor series to find the first four nonzero terms of an infinite series that is equal to the following numbers. There is more than one way to choose the center of the series.

sin 20°

Approximating real numbers Use an appropriate Taylor series to find the first four nonzero terms of an infinite series that is equal to the following numbers. There is more than one way to choose the center of the series.

sinh (-1)

Definite integrals by power series Use a Taylor series to approximate the following definite integrals. Retain as many terms as necessary to ensure the error is less than 10⁻³.

∫₀1/2 tan⁻¹ x dx

Definite integrals by power series Use a Taylor series to approximate the following definite integrals. Retain as many terms as necessary to ensure the error is less than 10⁻³.

∫₀1 x cos x dx

Approximating ln 2 Consider the following three ways to approximate

ln 2.

c. Use the property ln a/b = ln a - ln b and the series of parts (a) and (b) to find the Taylor series for ƒ(x) = ln (1 + x)/(1 - x) b centered at 0.

Approximating ln 2 Consider the following three ways to approximate

ln 2.

b. Use the Taylor series for ln (1 - x) centered at 0 and the identity ln 2 = -ln 1/2. Write the resulting infinite series.

Approximating ln 2 Consider the following three ways to approximate

ln 2.

a. Use the Taylor series for ln (1 + x) centered at 0 and evaluate it at x = 1 (convergence was asserted in Table 11.5). Write the resulting infinite series.

Approximating ln 2 Consider the following three ways to approximate

ln 2.

e. Using four terms of the series, which of the three series derived in parts (a)–(d) gives the best approximation to ln 2? Can you explain why?

Approximating ln 2 Consider the following three ways to approximate

ln 2.

d. At what value of x should the series in part (c) be evaluated to approximate ln 2? Write the resulting infinite series for ln 2.