Multiple Choice
In eukaryotic cells, which organelle is primarily responsible for detoxifying harmful substances such as hydrogen peroxide via enzymes like catalase?
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13. Intracellular Protein Transport
Peroxisomes
Multiple Choice
Which organelle is primarily responsible for inactivating toxins (e.g., by oxidizing harmful substances and breaking down hydrogen peroxide) in eukaryotic cells?
A
Peroxisome
B
Ribosome
C
Lysosome
D
Golgi apparatus
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the function of each organelle listed: Ribosomes synthesize proteins, Lysosomes digest cellular waste, Golgi apparatus modifies and packages proteins, and Peroxisomes detoxify harmful substances.
Recall that peroxisomes contain enzymes that oxidize toxic molecules, such as hydrogen peroxide, converting them into less harmful compounds.
Recognize that peroxisomes specifically break down hydrogen peroxide using the enzyme catalase, preventing cellular damage.
Compare the roles of lysosomes and peroxisomes: lysosomes digest macromolecules, while peroxisomes focus on detoxification and oxidation reactions.
Conclude that the organelle responsible for inactivating toxins by oxidation and breaking down hydrogen peroxide is the peroxisome.
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