Textbook Question
The following models represent the structures of binary hydrides of second-row elements:
b. Draw an electron-dot structure for each hydride. For which hydride is there a problem in drawing the structure? Explain.
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Ch.22 - The Main Group Elements
McMurry8th EditionChemistryISBN: 9781292336145
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Table of contents
- Ch.1 - Chemical Tools: Experimentation & Measurement143
- Ch.2 - Atoms, Molecules & Ions134
- Ch.3 - Mass Relationships in Chemical Reactions149
- Ch.4 - Reactions in Aqueous Solution157
- Ch.5 - Periodicity & Electronic Structure of Atoms92
- Ch.6 - Ionic Compounds: Periodic Trends and Bonding Theory73
- Ch.7 - Covalent Bonding and Electron-Dot Structures47
- Ch.8 - Covalent Compounds: Bonding Theories and Molecular Structure51
- Ch.9 - Thermochemistry: Chemical Energy104
- Ch.10 - Gases: Their Properties & Behavior138
- Ch.11 - Liquids & Phase Changes43
- Ch.12 - Solids and Solid-State Materials56
- Ch.13 - Solutions & Their Properties98
- Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics79
- Ch.15 - Chemical Equilibrium107
- Ch.16 - Aqueous Equilibria: Acids & Bases94
- Ch.17 - Applications of Aqueous Equilibria125
- Ch.18 - Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy & Equilibrium66
- Ch.19 - Electrochemistry130
- Ch.20 - Nuclear Chemistry73
- Ch.21 - Transition Elements and Coordination Chemistry122
- Ch.22 - The Main Group Elements155
- Ch.23 - Organic and Biological Chemistry43
Chapter 22, Problem 22.39a
Which element in each of the following pairs has more nonmetallic character?
(a) Se or Te
Verified step by step guidance1
Identify the position of Se (Selenium) and Te (Tellurium) on the periodic table.
Recall that nonmetallic character increases as you move from left to right across a period and decreases as you move down a group.
Note that both Se and Te are in the same group (Group 16) of the periodic table.
Since Se is above Te in the same group, it is higher up on the periodic table.
Conclude that Se has more nonmetallic character than Te because nonmetallic character decreases down a group.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Nonmetallic Character
Nonmetallic character refers to the tendency of an element to exhibit properties typical of nonmetals, such as high electronegativity, poor conductivity, and the ability to gain electrons. Nonmetals are generally found on the right side of the periodic table and are characterized by their ability to form covalent bonds and anions.
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Metallic Character Example
Periodic Trends
Periodic trends are patterns observed in the properties of elements across the periodic table. Nonmetallic character increases as you move from left to right across a period and decreases as you move down a group. Understanding these trends helps predict the behavior of elements based on their position in the periodic table.
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Group and Period Positioning
Elements are organized in groups (columns) and periods (rows) in the periodic table. Selenium (Se) and tellurium (Te) are both in Group 16, but Se is higher in the group than Te. The position of an element in the periodic table influences its properties, including its nonmetallic character, which typically decreases down a group.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
a. Why is the SO3 molecule trigonal planar but the SO32– ion is trigonal pyramidal?
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Textbook Question
Consider the six second- and third-row elements in groups 4A–6A of the periodic table:
Possible structures for the binary fluorides of each of these elements in its highest oxidation state are shown below.
(a) Identify the nonfluorine atom in each case, and write the molecular formula of each fluoride.
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Textbook Question
Which compound in each of the following pairs is more covalent?
(a) PCl3 or AlF3
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Textbook Question
Select the group 4A element that best fits each of the following descriptions.
b. Is the least dense semimetal
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Textbook Question
In the following pictures of binary hydrides, ivory spheres
represent H atoms or ions, and burgundy spheres represent
atoms or ions of the other element.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(a) Identify each binary hydride as ionic, covalent, or interstitial.
(b) What is the oxidation state of hydrogen in compounds (1), (2), and (3)? What is the oxidation state of the other
element?
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