Multiple Choice
Which type of mutation, also known as a point mutation, changes only a single base in the sequence of DNA?
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17. Mutation, Repair, and Recombination
Types of Mutations
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Which type of DNA mutation results in a change in the reading frame of an mRNA?
A
Missense mutation
B
Nonsense mutation
C
Silent mutation
D
Frameshift mutation
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that the reading frame of an mRNA refers to how nucleotides are grouped into codons, each consisting of three nucleotides, which code for specific amino acids during translation.
Recognize that mutations can be classified based on their effect on the protein sequence: missense mutations change one amino acid, nonsense mutations introduce a premature stop codon, and silent mutations do not change the amino acid sequence.
Identify that a frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are inserted or deleted in numbers not divisible by three, which shifts the grouping of codons downstream of the mutation.
Realize that this shift changes every codon after the mutation site, altering the entire amino acid sequence and often resulting in a nonfunctional protein.
Conclude that among the given options, only a frameshift mutation changes the reading frame of the mRNA, affecting the translation process significantly.
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