Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Types of RNA

GOB Chemistry

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Types of RNA

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0:59 minutes

Problem 114a

Textbook Question

What is the anticodon on tRNA for each of the following codons in an mRNA?
a. GUG

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the relationship between codons and anticodons: Codons are sequences of three nucleotides on mRNA that specify a particular amino acid. Anticodons are complementary sequences of three nucleotides on tRNA that pair with the codons during translation.

Identify the codon given in the problem: The codon provided is GUG.

Determine the complementary base pairing rules: In RNA, guanine (G) pairs with cytosine (C), uracil (U) pairs with adenine (A), and vice versa.

Apply the base pairing rules to find the anticodon: For the codon GUG, the complementary anticodon on tRNA will be CAC (C pairs with G, A pairs with U, and C pairs with G).

Verify the directionality: Ensure that the anticodon is written in the 3' to 5' direction, as tRNA anticodons are typically oriented this way to pair with the 5' to 3' codon on mRNA.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Codons and Anticodons

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that specify a particular amino acid during protein synthesis. Each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid or a stop signal. Anticodons are complementary sequences found on tRNA molecules that pair with the codons on mRNA, ensuring the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain.

Base Pairing Rules

Base pairing rules dictate how nucleotides pair with each other in DNA and RNA. In RNA, adenine (A) pairs with uracil (U), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). Understanding these rules is essential for determining the anticodon, as the tRNA must match its anticodon to the corresponding mRNA codon through complementary base pairing.

tRNA Function in Translation

Transfer RNA (tRNA) plays a crucial role in the translation phase of protein synthesis. Each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid and has an anticodon that matches a codon on the mRNA. This process ensures that the correct amino acids are added in the proper sequence to form a functional protein, highlighting the importance of tRNA in gene expression.