Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Naming Alkanes

GOB Chemistry

12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Naming Alkanes

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Problem 7c

Textbook Question

Give the IUPAC name for each of the following alkanes and cycloalkanes:
c.

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the parent chain: Look for the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms in the structure. If the structure is a cycloalkane, identify the ring as the parent structure.

Number the carbon atoms in the parent chain or ring: Start numbering from the end or position that gives the substituents the lowest possible numbers.

Identify and name the substituents: Look for any alkyl groups or other substituents attached to the parent chain or ring. Assign a number to each substituent based on its position on the parent chain or ring.

Combine the names: Write the name of the compound by listing the substituents in alphabetical order, followed by the name of the parent chain or ring. Use prefixes like di-, tri-, etc., if there are multiple identical substituents, and separate numbers with commas and numbers from words with hyphens.

Check for any special rules: Ensure that the name follows all IUPAC naming conventions, such as using 'cyclo-' for cyclic structures or ensuring the correct placement of substituents for the lowest numbering.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming chemical compounds, particularly organic molecules. It provides rules for naming alkanes and cycloalkanes based on the number of carbon atoms, the presence of branches, and functional groups. Understanding these rules is essential for accurately identifying and communicating the structure of organic compounds.

Alkanes

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons consisting only of carbon and hydrogen atoms, with single bonds between carbon atoms. They follow the general formula CnH2n+2, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms. Recognizing the structure and properties of alkanes is crucial for determining their IUPAC names and understanding their chemical behavior.

Cycloalkanes

Cycloalkanes are a class of hydrocarbons that contain carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure, with single bonds between them. They follow the general formula CnH2n, which differs from alkanes due to the cyclic nature of their structure. Identifying cycloalkanes and applying the correct nomenclature rules is vital for naming these compounds accurately.