Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Naming Cyclic Alkanes

GOB Chemistry

12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry

Naming Cyclic Alkanes

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Problem 20c

Textbook Question

What is wrong with the following names? It will be helpful to draw the structures as named before making your decision.
c. 1-Ethyl-2-methyl-3-ethylcyclopentane

Verified step by step guidance

Draw the structure of the compound as named: Start with a cyclopentane ring (a five-membered ring of carbon atoms). Add the substituents as specified in the name: an ethyl group at carbon 1, a methyl group at carbon 2, and another ethyl group at carbon 3.

Check for redundancy or incorrect naming: In IUPAC nomenclature, substituents should be listed in alphabetical order, and the numbering of the ring should minimize the locants (the numbers assigned to substituents).

Identify the issue: Having two ethyl groups on the ring (at carbons 1 and 3) violates the rule of using the simplest and most systematic name. Instead of naming them separately, they should be combined into a single substituent name if possible.

Reassign the numbering: To minimize the locants, renumber the ring so that the substituents are assigned the lowest possible numbers. For example, start numbering from the carbon with the first substituent alphabetically (ethyl) and proceed in a direction that minimizes the sum of the locants.

Provide the corrected name: After renumbering and combining substituents appropriately, rewrite the name of the compound following IUPAC rules. Ensure that the substituents are listed in alphabetical order and the numbering is correct.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming chemical compounds. It provides rules for constructing names based on the structure of the molecule, ensuring that each name conveys specific information about the compound's structure, including the arrangement of atoms and functional groups.

Cycloalkanes

Cycloalkanes are hydrocarbons that contain carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure. The naming of cycloalkanes follows specific conventions, where the prefix 'cyclo-' is used, and the position of substituents must be indicated clearly to avoid ambiguity in the compound's structure.

Substituent Positioning

In organic chemistry, substituent positioning refers to the correct identification and numbering of substituents on a parent hydrocarbon chain or ring. Proper positioning is crucial to avoid confusion and ensure that the name accurately reflects the compound's structure, particularly in complex molecules with multiple substituents.

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