Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

15. Aldehydes and Ketones

Naming Aldehydes

GOB Chemistry

15. Aldehydes and Ketones

Naming Aldehydes

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Problem 31b

Textbook Question

Draw structures corresponding to the following aldehyde and ketone names:
b. 4-Ethyl-2-isopropylhexanal

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the parent chain: The name 'hexanal' indicates that the parent chain is a six-carbon chain (hex-) with an aldehyde functional group (-al) at carbon 1.

Number the carbon chain: Start numbering the chain from the carbon of the aldehyde group, as it has the highest priority.

Locate and add substituents: The name specifies two substituents: a 4-ethyl group (a two-carbon chain attached to carbon 4) and a 2-isopropyl group (a three-carbon branched group attached to carbon 2).

Draw the structure: Begin with the six-carbon chain, place the aldehyde group at carbon 1, and then add the ethyl group at carbon 4 and the isopropyl group at carbon 2.

Double-check the structure: Ensure that all carbons have the correct number of bonds (four for carbon), the aldehyde group is correctly placed at carbon 1, and the substituents are positioned as specified in the name.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Aldehyde Structure

Aldehydes are organic compounds characterized by the presence of a carbonyl group (C=O) at the end of a carbon chain. The general formula for aldehydes is R-CHO, where R represents a hydrocarbon chain. Understanding the structure of aldehydes is crucial for drawing their chemical representations, as the position of the carbonyl group influences the naming and properties of the compound.

IUPAC Nomenclature

IUPAC nomenclature is a systematic method for naming organic chemical compounds. It provides rules for identifying the longest carbon chain, substituents, and functional groups, which are essential for accurately naming and drawing structures. In the case of '4-Ethyl-2-isopropylhexanal', recognizing the position of substituents and the functional group is vital for constructing the correct molecular structure.

Structural Representation

Structural representation refers to the way in which the arrangement of atoms in a molecule is depicted. This can include line-angle formulas, condensed formulas, or three-dimensional models. For the compound '4-Ethyl-2-isopropylhexanal', accurately representing the branching and functional groups in the structure is essential for visualizing its chemical properties and reactivity.