Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy

Intro to Coenzymes

GOB Chemistry

21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy

Intro to Coenzymes

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3:37 minutes

Problem 64c

Textbook Question

What do the following abbreviations stand for?
c. NADH/H⁺

Verified step by step guidance

NADH/H⁺ stands for Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide in its reduced form (NADH) along with a proton (H⁺).

NADH is a coenzyme that plays a critical role in redox reactions, acting as an electron carrier in metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.

The 'H⁺' indicates that the molecule is associated with a proton, which is often involved in the transfer of electrons and protons during biochemical reactions.

NAD⁺ (oxidized form) accepts two electrons and one proton to become NADH (reduced form), which can then donate these electrons in subsequent reactions.

This process is essential for energy production in cells, as NADH is used to generate ATP in the electron transport chain.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

NADH

NADH stands for Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (reduced form). It is a coenzyme found in all living cells, playing a crucial role in metabolic processes, particularly in cellular respiration. NADH acts as an electron carrier, transferring electrons from one reaction to another, which is essential for the production of ATP, the energy currency of the cell.

H⁺

H⁺ represents a hydrogen ion, which is a proton that has lost its electron. In biochemical contexts, H⁺ ions are important for maintaining pH balance and are involved in various metabolic processes, including the electron transport chain. The concentration of H⁺ ions can influence enzyme activity and energy production in cells.

Redox Reactions

Redox reactions, short for reduction-oxidation reactions, are chemical processes that involve the transfer of electrons between two substances. In these reactions, one substance is oxidized (loses electrons) while the other is reduced (gains electrons). NADH plays a key role in redox reactions by accepting electrons during metabolic processes, thus facilitating energy production in cells.