Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

22. Carbohydrate Metabolism

Glycolysis

GOB Chemistry

22. Carbohydrate Metabolism

Glycolysis

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1:16 minutes

Problem 19

Textbook Question

What two types of reactions convert glycerol to dihydroxyacetone phosphate?

Verified step by step guidance

Understand the context: Glycerol is a three-carbon molecule that can be converted into dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), an intermediate in glycolysis. This conversion involves two key types of reactions: oxidation and phosphorylation.

Step 1: Oxidation of glycerol to glycerol-3-phosphate. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme glycerol kinase, which uses ATP as a phosphate donor. The reaction can be represented as:

glycerol + {ATP}_{enzyme}

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Glycolysis

Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, producing ATP and NADH in the process. It involves a series of enzymatic reactions and is crucial for cellular respiration. Understanding glycolysis is essential for comprehending how glycerol can be converted into intermediates like dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) through specific enzymatic steps.

Glycerol Metabolism

Glycerol metabolism refers to the biochemical processes that convert glycerol into usable energy forms. Glycerol can be phosphorylated to glycerol-3-phosphate and subsequently converted into DHAP through the action of specific enzymes. This pathway is significant in energy production, especially during fasting or low-carbohydrate conditions.

Enzymatic Reactions

Enzymatic reactions are biochemical processes facilitated by enzymes, which are proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body. In the conversion of glycerol to DHAP, specific enzymes such as glycerol kinase and triose phosphate isomerase play critical roles. Understanding these reactions is vital for grasping how glycerol is transformed into metabolic intermediates.