Complete each of the following bombardment reactions: d. ? + 64 28 Ni → 272 111 Rg + 1 0 n

Hello. In this problem, we are told to determine the missing reactant and write the complete bombardment reaction. For the following, we have our missing reactant plus oxygen. 16 goes to form fluorine 17 plus a neutron. We call that our isotope notation A Z X A stands for the mass number. It is written as the superscript to the left of our element symbol Z is the atomic number and it is written as a subscript to the left of our atom element symbol and X is our element symbol. So we need to obey the law of conservation of mass who says then that the sum of the mass number on the reactant side has to equal the sum of the mass number on the product side. And the sum of the atomic number on the reactant side has to equal the sum of the atomic number on the product side, beginning with our mass number. On the product side, we have 17 plus one which is equal to 18. And on the reactant side, we have our unknown plus 16 to determine then what our unknown mass number would be, we will take 18 minus 16 which is equal to two. We then will find that our atomic number on the product side is nine plus zero, which is equal to nine. On the reactant side, we have our unknown plus eight to find then the atomic number for our unknown reactant we will take then nine minus eight which is equal to one element that has then an atomic number of one is hydrogen. So this is referred to as deuterium, our overall reaction then we have deuterium plus oxygen, 16 reacting to form 4, 17 plus a neutron. So this is our overall bombardment reaction and our missing reactant is deuterium. Thanks for watching. Hope this helped.

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11. Nuclear Chemistry

Types of Radiation

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11. Nuclear Chemistry

Types of Radiation

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Problem 22d

Textbook Question

Complete each of the following bombardment reactions:
d. ? + ⁶⁴₂₈Ni → ²⁷²₁₁₁Rg + ¹₀n

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the problem. This is a nuclear bombardment reaction where an unknown particle (denoted as '?') collides with a nickel-64 (⁶⁴₂₈Ni) nucleus to produce roentgenium-272 (²⁷²₁₁₁Rg) and a neutron (¹₀n). The goal is to determine the identity of the unknown particle.

Step 2: Apply the law of conservation of mass number. The total mass number (A) on the left side of the reaction must equal the total mass number on the right side. Write the equation for mass numbers: A(?) + 64 = 272 + 1.

Step 3: Solve for the mass number of the unknown particle. Rearrange the equation: A(?) = 272 + 1 - 64.

Step 4: Apply the law of conservation of atomic number. The total atomic number (Z) on the left side of the reaction must equal the total atomic number on the right side. Write the equation for atomic numbers: Z(?) + 28 = 111 + 0.

Step 5: Solve for the atomic number of the unknown particle. Rearrange the equation: Z(?) = 111 + 0 - 28. Once you have both the mass number and atomic number, identify the particle using the periodic table or known nuclear particles.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Nuclear Reactions

Nuclear reactions involve the transformation of atomic nuclei through processes such as fusion, fission, or bombardment. In these reactions, particles such as neutrons, protons, or alpha particles collide with a target nucleus, resulting in the formation of new elements or isotopes. Understanding the principles of conservation of mass and energy is crucial in analyzing these reactions.

Isotopes and Atomic Mass

Isotopes are variants of a chemical element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons, leading to different atomic masses. In nuclear reactions, the conservation of nucleons (protons and neutrons) must be maintained, meaning the total number of nucleons before and after the reaction should be equal. This concept is essential for balancing nuclear equations.

Bombardment Reactions

Bombardment reactions occur when a nucleus is struck by a particle, such as a neutron or proton, resulting in a nuclear transformation. These reactions are often used in nuclear physics to create new elements or isotopes, as seen in the synthesis of heavier elements. Identifying the incoming particle and the resulting products is key to completing the reaction equation.

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