Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Translation: Protein Synthesis

GOB Chemistry

26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Translation: Protein Synthesis

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2:38 minutes

Problem 122(5)

Textbook Question

Match each of the following processes (1 to 5) with one of the items (a to e):
5. reverse transcription
a. amino acids are linked together
b. RNA template is used to synthesize DNA
c. helicase unwinds DNA
d. genetic information is transferred from DNA
e. sticky ends join new DNA segment

Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Understand the process of reverse transcription. Reverse transcription is the process where an RNA template is used to synthesize DNA. This is the reverse of the usual transcription process, where DNA is used to synthesize RNA.

Step 2: Match the description of reverse transcription with the provided options. Look for the option that describes the synthesis of DNA from an RNA template.

Step 3: Identify the correct match. The option that states 'RNA template is used to synthesize DNA' corresponds to the process of reverse transcription.

Step 4: Verify the match by ensuring that none of the other options (a, c, d, e) describe the process of reverse transcription. For example, 'amino acids are linked together' refers to protein synthesis, not reverse transcription.

Step 5: Conclude that the correct match for reverse transcription is option 'b: RNA template is used to synthesize DNA'.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Reverse Transcription

Reverse transcription is the process by which RNA is used as a template to synthesize complementary DNA (cDNA). This process is catalyzed by the enzyme reverse transcriptase and is crucial in retroviruses, allowing them to integrate their genetic material into the host's DNA.

Transcription

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA. During this process, the enzyme RNA polymerase binds to the DNA and synthesizes a single-stranded RNA molecule, which serves as a template for protein synthesis in the next step, translation.

DNA Replication

DNA replication is the biological process of producing two identical replicas of DNA from one original DNA molecule. This process involves several key enzymes, including helicase, which unwinds the DNA double helix, allowing for the synthesis of new complementary strands.

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Related Practice

Textbook Question

The following is a segment of the template strand of human BRCA1 gene:

TGG AAT TAT CTG CTC TTC GCG

c. If there is a point mutation in the fourth nucleotide triplet and A replaces G, what is the change, if any, in the amino acid sequence?

489

views

Textbook Question

Answer the following questions for the given section of DNA:

c. Write the three-letter symbols for the amino acids that would go into the peptide from the mRNA you wrote in part b.

370

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Textbook Question

Suppose a mutation occurs in the DNA section in problem 17.89, and the first base in the parent chain, adenine, is replaced by guanine.

c. Write the three-letter symbols for the amino acids that would go into the peptide from the mRNA you wrote in part b.

613

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Textbook Question

Suppose a mutation occurs in the DNA section in problem 17.89, and the first base in the parent chain, adenine, is replaced by guanine.

a. What type of mutation has occurred?

609

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Textbook Question

Suppose a mutation occurs in the DNA section in problem 17.89, and the first base in the parent chain, adenine, is replaced by guanine.

d. What effect, if any, might this mutation have on the structure and/or function of the resulting protein?

623

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Textbook Question

Consider the following portion of mRNA produced by the normal order of DNA nucleotides:

5'CUU|AAA|CGA|GUU3'

c. Write the amino acid sequence if a mutation changes CGA to AGA. Is this likely to affect protein function?

422

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Textbook Question

Consider the following portion of mRNA produced by the normal order of DNA nucleotides:

5'CUU|AAA|CGA|GUU3'

e. What happens to the protein sequence if an A is added to the beginning of the chain and the sequence changes to 5'ACU|UAA|ACG|AGU3'?

421

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Textbook Question

Consider the following portion of mRNA produced by the normal order of DNA nucleotides:

5'ACA|UCA|CGG|GUA3'

c. Write the amino acid sequence if a mutation changes CGG to GGG. Is this likely to affect protein function?

555

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Match each of the following processes (1 to 5) with one of the items (a to e):5. reverse transcriptiona. amino acids are linked togetherb. RNA template is used to synthesize DNAc. helicase unwinds DNAd. genetic information is transferred from DNAe. sticky ends join new DNA segment

Key Concepts

Reverse Transcription

Transcription

DNA Replication

Watch next

Match each of the following processes (1 to 5) with one of the items (a to e):
5. reverse transcription
a. amino acids are linked together
b. RNA template is used to synthesize DNA
c. helicase unwinds DNA
d. genetic information is transferred from DNA
e. sticky ends join new DNA segment