Table of contents

1. Matter and Measurements4h 31m
2. Atoms and the Periodic Table5h 23m
3. Ionic Compounds2h 18m
4. Molecular Compounds2h 18m
5. Classification & Balancing of Chemical Reactions3h 17m
6. Chemical Reactions & Quantities2h 27m
7. Energy, Rate and Equilibrium3h 46m
8. Gases, Liquids and Solids3h 25m
9. Solutions4h 10m
10. Acids and Bases3h 29m
11. Nuclear Chemistry56m
BONUS: Lab Techniques and Procedures1h 38m
BONUS: Mathematical Operations and Functions47m
12. Introduction to Organic Chemistry1h 34m
13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds2h 12m
14. Compounds with Oxygen or Sulfur1h 6m
15. Aldehydes and Ketones1h 1m
16. Carboxylic Acids and Their Derivatives1h 11m
17. Amines39m
18. Amino Acids and Proteins1h 51m
19. Enzymes1h 37m
20. Carbohydrates1h 41m
21. The Generation of Biochemical Energy2h 8m
22. Carbohydrate Metabolism2h 22m
23. Lipids2h 26m
24. Lipid Metabolism1h 45m
25. Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism1h 37m
26. Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis2h 54m

13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Hydrogenation Reaction

GOB Chemistry

13. Alkenes, Alkynes, and Aromatic Compounds

Hydrogenation Reaction

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1:18 minutes

Problem 39a

Textbook Question

Write the products for the following hydrogenation reactions:
(a)

Verified step by step guidance

Identify the type of compound undergoing hydrogenation. Hydrogenation typically involves alkenes or alkynes reacting with hydrogen (H₂) in the presence of a catalyst, such as Pt, Pd, or Ni.

Determine the structure of the reactant from the provided image. If the reactant is an alkene, the double bond will be converted into a single bond. If it is an alkyne, the triple bond will be reduced to a double bond (partial hydrogenation) or a single bond (complete hydrogenation).

Write the balanced chemical equation for the reaction. For example, if the reactant is an alkene, add H₂ to the double bond to form the corresponding alkane.

Draw the structure of the product. Replace the double or triple bond in the reactant with single bonds, and add the appropriate number of hydrogen atoms to the carbon atoms involved in the bond.

Verify the product by ensuring that all valences of the atoms are satisfied and that the reaction follows the rules of hydrogenation.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Hydrogenation

Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction that involves the addition of hydrogen (H2) to an unsaturated compound, typically an alkene or alkyne, converting it into a saturated compound. This process is commonly used in organic chemistry to reduce double or triple bonds, resulting in alkanes. The reaction often requires a catalyst, such as palladium, platinum, or nickel, to proceed efficiently.

Reaction Products

In chemical reactions, the products are the substances formed as a result of the reaction. For hydrogenation reactions, the products are typically saturated hydrocarbons, where the unsaturated bonds have been converted to single bonds. Understanding how to predict the products of a reaction involves recognizing the structure of the reactants and applying the rules of organic chemistry.

Catalysts in Hydrogenation

Catalysts are substances that increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process. In hydrogenation, catalysts such as nickel, palladium, or platinum facilitate the addition of hydrogen to the unsaturated bonds. The choice of catalyst can influence the reaction's selectivity and efficiency, making it a crucial aspect of industrial applications in organic synthesis.

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