Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
21. The Immune System14h 37m
22. The Respiratory System3h 20m
23. The Digestive System2h 5m
24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

16. The Endocrine System

Membrane Bound Receptors and Secondary Messengers

Anatomy & Physiology

16. The Endocrine System

Membrane Bound Receptors and Secondary Messengers

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Multiple Choice

What can cause upregulation of a target cell's receptors?

A constant level of hormone concentration

An increase in the concentration of a hormone

The presence of a competitive inhibitor

A decrease in the concentration of a hormone

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the concept of upregulation: Upregulation is a process where a cell increases the number of receptors on its surface to become more sensitive to a specific hormone or signaling molecule.

Consider the effect of hormone concentration: When the concentration of a hormone decreases, the target cell may respond by increasing the number of receptors to capture more of the hormone, compensating for the lower availability.

Analyze the options: A constant level of hormone concentration typically maintains receptor levels, while an increase in hormone concentration might lead to downregulation, where the cell reduces receptor numbers to avoid overstimulation.

Evaluate the role of competitive inhibitors: The presence of a competitive inhibitor can block receptor sites, potentially leading to upregulation as the cell attempts to overcome the inhibition by producing more receptors.

Conclude with the correct answer: A decrease in the concentration of a hormone leads to upregulation as the cell adapts to capture more of the scarce hormone.