Multiple Choice
Which of the following is a risk factor for developing diabetes?
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16. The Endocrine System
Introduction to the Endocrine System
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Which of the following is a function of the thyroid hormone calcitonin?
A
Stimulating the release of insulin
B
Lowering blood calcium levels
C
Increasing blood glucose levels
D
Regulating the sleep-wake cycle
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the role of calcitonin: Calcitonin is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland, specifically by the parafollicular cells (also known as C cells). Its primary function is to help regulate calcium levels in the blood.
Identify the target of calcitonin: Calcitonin primarily acts on the bones and kidneys. In the bones, it inhibits osteoclast activity, which are the cells responsible for breaking down bone tissue and releasing calcium into the bloodstream.
Consider the effect on blood calcium levels: By inhibiting osteoclasts, calcitonin reduces the release of calcium from bones, thereby lowering blood calcium levels. This is a key function of calcitonin in maintaining calcium homeostasis.
Differentiate from other hormones: Compare calcitonin's function with other hormones like parathyroid hormone (PTH), which increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclasts. This contrast helps clarify calcitonin's role in lowering blood calcium.
Conclude with the correct function: Based on the understanding of calcitonin's action, the correct function among the options provided is 'Lowering blood calcium levels.'
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