Alright, everyone. What is CRISPR? So you may or may not have heard about CRISPR, but it is very popular in genetics and microbiology at the moment. And it is going to be a very important way that bacteria can stop or prevent viral infections or at least better fight viral infections. So let's have a look at our answers. So it says CRISPR, which stands for clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats, which is one heck of a mouthful, which is why we call it CRISPR. It says CRISPR is a is a set of sequences of bacterial DNA derived from viral DNA fragments. It actually is. What CRISPR is is a mechanism to protect a bacterium cell from the viral infection. So a virus when it infects a bacterium puts its DNA that viral DNA into the bacterium. And what the CRISPR set of proteins and mechanisms do is they attack that viral DNA and stop the virus from infecting the bacterium. They take very short or small sequences of the viral DNA and then incorporate it into the bacterial chromosome. That way, if the bacterium is ever infected by that particular virus again, it knows how to better fight that virus because of the DNA in its chromosome. So that is the CRISPR system and sequences of viral DNA inside of the bacterial chromosome is one of the parts of that system. Answer choice b says it is a gene editing tool. If you think about it, it is. The CRISPR system is putting new sequences into the chromosome, so it is editing the genes of that chromosome and we, as scientists, also commonly use this system to edit genes for experiments. Answer choice c says, it is a bacterial defense mechanism against viral infections. Yes. I just explained that as well. So it is actually all of these answers. CRISPR is really, really cool, but keep in mind it originated in bacteria to protect them from the viral infections, but it is actually a really neat gene editing tool. Okay, everyone. Let's move on to our next video.

Table of contents

1. Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology5h 43m
2. Cell Chemistry & Cell Components12h 36m
3. Energy & Cell Processes10h 6m
4. Tissues & Histology10h 3m
5. Integumentary System2h 20m
6. Bones & Skeletal Tissue2h 16m
7. The Skeletal System2h 35m
8. Joints2h 17m
9. Muscle Tissue2h 33m
10. Muscles1h 11m
11. Nervous Tissue and Nervous System1h 35m
12. The Central Nervous System1h 6m
- Introduction to the Central Nervous System
  18m
- The Cerebrum
  48m
13. The Peripheral Nervous System1h 26m
14. The Autonomic Nervous System1h 38m
15. The Special Senses2h 41m
16. The Endocrine System2h 48m
17. The Blood3h 22m
18. The Heart3h 42m
19. The Blood Vessels3h 35m
20. The Lymphatic System3h 16m
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24. Metabolism and Nutrition4h 0m
25. The Urinary System2h 39m
26. Fluid and Electrolyte Balance, Acid Base Balance37m
27. The Reproductive System2h 5m
28. Human Development1h 21m
29. Heredity3h 32m

29. Heredity

Gene Therapy

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Multiple Choice

What is CRISPR?

Sequences of bacterial DNA derived from viral DNA fragments.

A gene editing tool.

A bacterial defense mechanism against viral infections.

All of the above.

Previous problem

Verified step by step guidance

Understand that CRISPR stands for 'Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats,' which are sequences of DNA found in bacteria and archaea.

Recognize that these DNA sequences are derived from fragments of viral DNA that have previously infected the bacteria, allowing the bacteria to 'remember' the virus.

Learn that CRISPR functions as a bacterial defense mechanism by using these sequences to recognize and cut viral DNA during subsequent infections, effectively neutralizing the virus.

Understand that scientists have adapted the CRISPR system, particularly the Cas9 protein, as a powerful gene-editing tool to target and modify specific DNA sequences in various organisms.

Conclude that CRISPR is all of the above: a sequence of bacterial DNA derived from viral DNA, a bacterial defense mechanism, and a gene-editing tool.