BackMrs. Rees is brought to the emergency room after being involved in an auto accident. She is hemorrhaging and has a rapid pulse that can barely be felt, but her blood pressure is still within normal limits. Describe the compensatory mechanisms that are maintaining her blood pressure in the face of blood loss.
Mr. Grimaldi was previously diagnosed as having a posterior pituitary tumor that causes hypersecretion of ADH. He comes to the clinic regularly to have his blood pressure checked. Would you expect his blood pressure to be chronically elevated or depressed? Why?
The carotid sinus contains:
a. Baroreceptors
b. Chemoreceptors
c. Metabolic controls
d. Smooth muscle cells
Which of the following would produce a decrease in blood pressure?
a. Increased cardiac output
b. Vasodilation
c. Vasoconstriction
d. Increased blood volume
The two pressures within the systemic arterial circuit are the_____ pressure and _____ pressure. The difference between these two pressures is the_____ pressure.
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
The sympathetic nervous system increases blood pressure in the short term by increasing cardiac output and peripheral resistance.
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
A sudden increase or decrease in blood pressure triggers the baroreceptor reflex, which is mediated by the medulla and the autonomic nervous system.
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
Hormones that decrease blood volume and blood pressure include antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone.
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
Angiotensin-II is a chemical that produces profound vasoconstriction.
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
The kidneys control blood pressure directly through adjustment of blood volume.
Mark the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, correct it to make a true statement.
Arterioles reflexively dilate when blood pressure increases.
Explain why a person who is 7 feet tall is likely to have higher blood pressure than a person whose height is 4 feet.
Predict the effects of each of the following on systemic arterial blood pressure:
Caffeine consumption, which increases heart rate and causes vasoconstriction
Ms. Rodgers has been diagnosed with secretion of inappropriate ADH syndrome (SIADH). What effect will SIADH have on the amount of water in her body? What symptoms would you expect from this condition? How would it affect her blood pressure and net filtration pressure?
Your friend Jillian, who knows little about science, is reading a magazine article about a patient who had an 'aneurysm at the base of his brain that suddenly grew much larger.' The surgeons' first goal was to 'keep it from rupturing,' and the second goal was to 'relieve the pressure on the brain stem and cranial nerves.' The surgeons were able to 'replace the aneurysm with a section of plastic tubing,' so the patient recovered. Jillian asks you what all this means. Explain.