Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biochemistry4h 34m
2. Water3h 23m
3. Amino Acids8h 10m
4. Protein Structure10h 4m
5. Protein Techniques14h 5m
6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics13h 38m
7. Enzyme Inhibition and Regulation 8h 42m
8. Protein Function 9h 41m
9. Carbohydrates7h 49m
10. Lipids5h 49m
11. Biological Membranes and Transport 6h 37m
12. Biosignaling9h 45m
Review 1: Nucleic Acids, Lipids, & Membranes2h 47m
Review 2: Biosignaling, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, & PP-Pathway3h 12m
Review 3: Pyruvate & Fatty Acid Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, & Glycogen Metabolism2h 26m
Review 4: Amino Acid Oxidation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation1h 48m

12. Biosignaling

Insulin Signaling on Glucose Metabolism

Biochemistry

12. Biosignaling

Insulin Signaling on Glucose Metabolism

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best describes the role of insulin in the body?

Insulin inhibits the synthesis of fatty acids in adipose tissue.

Insulin stimulates the breakdown of glycogen to increase blood glucose levels.

Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose into cells, thereby lowering blood glucose levels.

Insulin increases gluconeogenesis in the liver.

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Verified step by step guidance

Step 1: Begin by understanding the role of insulin in the body. Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by the beta cells of the pancreas. Its primary function is to regulate blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells.

Step 2: Analyze each statement provided in the problem. For example, the first statement claims that insulin inhibits fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissue. This is incorrect because insulin actually promotes fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissue when glucose levels are high.

Step 3: Evaluate the second statement, which suggests that insulin stimulates the breakdown of glycogen to increase blood glucose levels. This is incorrect because insulin promotes glycogen synthesis (glycogenesis) rather than breakdown (glycogenolysis).

Step 4: Examine the third statement, which states that insulin promotes the uptake of glucose into cells, thereby lowering blood glucose levels. This is correct because insulin facilitates glucose transport into cells by activating glucose transporters such as GLUT4, especially in muscle and adipose tissue.

Step 5: Review the fourth statement, which claims that insulin increases gluconeogenesis in the liver. This is incorrect because insulin inhibits gluconeogenesis, a process that generates glucose, as part of its role in lowering blood glucose levels.