Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biochemistry4h 34m
2. Water3h 23m
3. Amino Acids8h 10m
4. Protein Structure10h 4m
5. Protein Techniques14h 5m
6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics13h 38m
7. Enzyme Inhibition and Regulation 8h 42m
8. Protein Function 9h 41m
9. Carbohydrates7h 49m
10. Lipids5h 49m
11. Biological Membranes and Transport 6h 37m
12. Biosignaling9h 45m
Review 1: Nucleic Acids, Lipids, & Membranes2h 47m
Review 2: Biosignaling, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, & PP-Pathway3h 12m
Review 3: Pyruvate & Fatty Acid Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, & Glycogen Metabolism2h 26m
Review 4: Amino Acid Oxidation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation1h 48m

12. Biosignaling

Insulin Signaling on Glucose Metabolism

Biochemistry

12. Biosignaling

Insulin Signaling on Glucose Metabolism

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements best describes the role of insulin in the body?

Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose into cells, thereby lowering blood glucose levels.

Insulin inhibits the synthesis of fatty acids in adipose tissue.

Insulin stimulates the breakdown of glycogen to increase blood glucose levels.

Insulin increases gluconeogenesis in the liver.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of insulin: Insulin is a peptide hormone produced by the beta cells of the pancreas. Its primary function is to regulate blood glucose levels by promoting the uptake of glucose into cells, especially muscle and adipose tissue.

Analyze the first statement: 'Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose into cells, thereby lowering blood glucose levels.' This aligns with the primary function of insulin, as it facilitates glucose transport into cells via GLUT4 transporters, reducing blood glucose levels.

Evaluate the second statement: 'Insulin inhibits the synthesis of fatty acids in adipose tissue.' This is incorrect because insulin actually promotes fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissue by activating enzymes like acetyl-CoA carboxylase.

Evaluate the third statement: 'Insulin stimulates the breakdown of glycogen to increase blood glucose levels.' This is incorrect because insulin inhibits glycogenolysis (glycogen breakdown) and promotes glycogenesis (glycogen synthesis) to lower blood glucose levels.

Evaluate the fourth statement: 'Insulin increases gluconeogenesis in the liver.' This is incorrect because insulin suppresses gluconeogenesis (glucose production from non-carbohydrate sources) in the liver, as its role is to lower blood glucose levels.