Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biochemistry4h 34m
2. Water3h 23m
3. Amino Acids8h 10m
4. Protein Structure10h 4m
5. Protein Techniques14h 5m
6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics13h 38m
7. Enzyme Inhibition and Regulation 8h 42m
8. Protein Function 9h 41m
9. Carbohydrates7h 49m
10. Lipids5h 49m
11. Biological Membranes and Transport 6h 37m
12. Biosignaling9h 45m
Review 1: Nucleic Acids, Lipids, & Membranes2h 47m
Review 2: Biosignaling, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, & PP-Pathway3h 12m
Review 3: Pyruvate & Fatty Acid Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, & Glycogen Metabolism2h 26m
Review 4: Amino Acid Oxidation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation1h 48m

12. Biosignaling

Insulin Signaling on Glucose Metabolism

Biochemistry

12. Biosignaling

Insulin Signaling on Glucose Metabolism

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes the primary function of insulin in glucose metabolism?

It inhibits glycolysis in muscle and adipose tissue.

It promotes the uptake of glucose into cells, lowering blood glucose levels.

It increases gluconeogenesis in the liver.

It stimulates the breakdown of glycogen to release glucose into the bloodstream.

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the role of insulin in glucose metabolism: Insulin is a peptide hormone secreted by the pancreas in response to high blood glucose levels. Its primary function is to regulate blood glucose levels by promoting glucose uptake into cells and facilitating its storage or utilization.

Analyze the options provided: Evaluate each statement to determine whether it aligns with the known functions of insulin. For example, insulin does not inhibit glycolysis; instead, it promotes glucose utilization in tissues like muscle and adipose tissue.

Focus on the correct mechanism: Insulin promotes the uptake of glucose into cells by increasing the expression of glucose transporters (e.g., GLUT4) on the cell membrane, particularly in muscle and adipose tissue. This action lowers blood glucose levels.

Eliminate incorrect options: Insulin does not increase gluconeogenesis (glucose production in the liver); instead, it inhibits gluconeogenesis. Similarly, insulin does not stimulate glycogen breakdown; it promotes glycogen synthesis in the liver and muscle.

Conclude with the correct answer: The best description of insulin's primary function in glucose metabolism is that it promotes the uptake of glucose into cells, thereby lowering blood glucose levels.