Table of contents

1. Introduction to Biochemistry4h 34m
2. Water3h 23m
3. Amino Acids8h 10m
4. Protein Structure10h 4m
5. Protein Techniques14h 5m
6. Enzymes and Enzyme Kinetics13h 38m
7. Enzyme Inhibition and Regulation 8h 42m
8. Protein Function 9h 41m
9. Carbohydrates7h 49m
10. Lipids5h 49m
11. Biological Membranes and Transport 6h 37m
12. Biosignaling9h 45m
Review 1: Nucleic Acids, Lipids, & Membranes2h 47m
Review 2: Biosignaling, Glycolysis, Gluconeogenesis, & PP-Pathway3h 12m
Review 3: Pyruvate & Fatty Acid Oxidation, Citric Acid Cycle, & Glycogen Metabolism2h 26m
Review 4: Amino Acid Oxidation, Oxidative Phosphorylation, & Photophosphorylation1h 48m

8. Protein Function

Hemoglobin Cooperativity

Biochemistry

8. Protein Function

Hemoglobin Cooperativity

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Multiple Choice

Which of the following conditions most strongly promotes the release of oxygen from hemoglobin in peripheral tissues?

Decreased temperature

High partial pressure of oxygen ($pO_2$)

Decreased concentration of carbon dioxide ($CO_2$)

Low pH (increased acidity)

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Verified step by step guidance

Understand the physiological context: Hemoglobin releases oxygen in peripheral tissues to support cellular respiration. This process is influenced by various factors that affect hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen.

Recall the Bohr effect: The Bohr effect describes how hemoglobin's oxygen-binding affinity decreases under conditions of low pH (increased acidity) or high carbon dioxide concentration. This facilitates oxygen release in tissues where it is needed.

Analyze the options: Decreased temperature and high partial pressure of oxygen ($pO_2$) increase hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen, making it less likely to release oxygen. Decreased carbon dioxide concentration also reduces the Bohr effect, maintaining higher oxygen affinity.

Focus on low pH: Low pH (increased acidity) results from metabolic activity in peripheral tissues, producing carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions. These conditions promote the release of oxygen by reducing hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen.

Conclude the reasoning: Low pH (increased acidity) is the condition that most strongly promotes oxygen release from hemoglobin in peripheral tissues, aligning with the physiological need for oxygen delivery during active metabolism.