Multiple Choice
Which of the following statements is true regarding a basic amino acid?
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3. Amino Acids
Amino Acid Groups
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Which one of the following is NOT a component of each amino acid monomer used to make proteins?
A
An amino group (\(-NH_2\))
B
A side chain (R group)
C
A phosphate group
D
A carboxyl group (\(-COOH\))
Verified step by step guidance1
Step 1: Begin by recalling the general structure of an amino acid. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and share a common structure consisting of an amino group (
), a carboxyl group (
), a hydrogen atom, and a variable side chain (R group).
Step 2: Understand the role of each component. The amino group (
) acts as a basic functional group, the carboxyl group (
) acts as an acidic functional group, and the R group determines the unique properties of each amino acid.
Step 3: Compare the components listed in the question to the general structure of amino acids. The amino group (
), the carboxyl group (
), and the R group are all components of amino acids.
Step 4: Evaluate the option 'phosphate group.' A phosphate group is not part of the general structure of amino acids. It is commonly found in nucleotides (the building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA) but not in amino acids.
Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is 'A phosphate group,' as it is not a component of amino acid monomers used to make proteins.
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