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Multiple Choice
During prometaphase, how do chromosomes move to the equator of the cell?
A
They are guided by the Golgi apparatus.
B
They drift randomly until they reach the equator.
C
They are pulled by spindle fibers attached to kinetochores.
D
They are pushed by the nuclear envelope.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the context of prometaphase, which is a stage in mitosis where the nuclear envelope breaks down and chromosomes begin to attach to spindle fibers.
Recognize the role of spindle fibers, which are structures made of microtubules that extend from the centrosomes at opposite poles of the cell.
Identify kinetochores, which are protein complexes located at the centromere of each chromosome. These serve as attachment points for spindle fibers.
Learn how spindle fibers exert forces on the kinetochores, pulling the chromosomes toward the equatorial plane of the cell, also known as the metaphase plate.
Note that the movement of chromosomes is not random or guided by other organelles like the Golgi apparatus, but is a directed process facilitated by the interaction between spindle fibers and kinetochores.