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Multiple Choice
Which of the following is a primary risk factor for developing cancer?
A
Consuming a diet high in fruits and vegetables
B
Regular physical exercise
C
Adequate sleep every night
D
Exposure to carcinogens such as tobacco smoke
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the term 'carcinogen': Carcinogens are substances or exposures that can lead to cancer by causing mutations in DNA or disrupting normal cellular processes. Examples include tobacco smoke, UV radiation, and certain chemicals.
Recognize the role of lifestyle factors: While consuming a diet high in fruits and vegetables, regular physical exercise, and adequate sleep are beneficial for overall health and may reduce cancer risk, they are not direct causes of cancer.
Identify the primary risk factor: Exposure to carcinogens, such as tobacco smoke, is a well-established primary risk factor for developing cancer. Tobacco smoke contains harmful chemicals that can damage DNA and lead to uncontrolled cell growth.
Understand the mechanism: Carcinogens can initiate cancer by causing mutations in oncogenes (genes that promote cell division) or tumor suppressor genes (genes that inhibit cell division). This disrupts the balance of cell growth and death, leading to tumor formation.
Apply this knowledge: When assessing cancer risk, prioritize avoiding exposure to known carcinogens, such as tobacco smoke, while maintaining a healthy lifestyle to further reduce risk factors.