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Multiple Choice
Which of the following describes transmembrane proteins?
A
They span the entire lipid bilayer and have regions exposed on both sides of the membrane.
B
They are involved in the synthesis of lipids within the membrane.
C
They are exclusively found in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
D
They are only attached to the surface of the membrane and do not penetrate the lipid bilayer.
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the structure of a cell membrane: The cell membrane is composed of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins. These proteins can be peripheral or integral, with transmembrane proteins being a type of integral protein.
Define transmembrane proteins: Transmembrane proteins are integral membrane proteins that span the entire lipid bilayer, with parts of the protein exposed on both the extracellular and intracellular sides of the membrane.
Differentiate between transmembrane and other proteins: Unlike peripheral proteins, which are only attached to the surface, transmembrane proteins penetrate through the lipid bilayer. They are not limited to specific membranes like the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Identify the functions of transmembrane proteins: These proteins play crucial roles in various cellular processes, including acting as channels or transporters for molecules, receptors for signaling, and anchors for cell structure.
Evaluate the given options: The correct description of transmembrane proteins is that they span the entire lipid bilayer and have regions exposed on both sides of the membrane, distinguishing them from proteins that are only surface-attached or specific to certain membranes.