Multiple Choice
In the context of experimental design, what is a control in an experiment?
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1. Introduction to Biology
Experimental Design
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Which of the following statements is true for an experimental study?
A
Experimental studies cannot establish causal relationships.
B
The researcher manipulates one or more independent variables to observe their effect on a dependent variable.
C
Random assignment of subjects is not necessary in experimental studies.
D
The researcher only observes subjects without any intervention or manipulation.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the definition of an experimental study: It is a type of scientific investigation where the researcher manipulates one or more independent variables to observe their effect on a dependent variable.
Clarify the concept of independent and dependent variables: Independent variables are the factors that the researcher changes or manipulates, while dependent variables are the outcomes or responses measured in the study.
Recognize the importance of random assignment: In experimental studies, random assignment of subjects is often used to ensure that groups are comparable and to minimize bias, though it is not always strictly necessary depending on the study design.
Differentiate experimental studies from observational studies: In observational studies, the researcher does not manipulate variables but instead observes and records data as it naturally occurs.
Identify the key feature of experimental studies: They are designed to establish causal relationships by systematically manipulating variables and observing the effects, which is a unique advantage over other study types.
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