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Multiple Choice
Which of the following best describes the primary function of ribosomes in a eukaryotic cell?
A
Producing ATP through cellular respiration
B
Synthesizing proteins from mRNA templates
C
Storing genetic information
D
Modifying and packaging lipids
Verified step by step guidance
1
Understand the role of ribosomes in a eukaryotic cell: Ribosomes are molecular machines responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) sequences into amino acid chains.
Eliminate incorrect options: Ribosomes do not produce ATP (this is the role of mitochondria), store genetic information (this is the role of the nucleus), or modify and package lipids (this is the role of the Golgi apparatus).
Focus on the correct function: Ribosomes synthesize proteins by reading mRNA templates, which are transcribed from DNA in the nucleus and transported to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm or on the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Clarify the process: During translation, ribosomes facilitate the binding of transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules carrying specific amino acids to the mRNA sequence, forming a polypeptide chain.
Conclude the explanation: The primary function of ribosomes is protein synthesis, which is essential for cell structure, function, and regulation of biological processes.