Textbook Question
Complete this map, which presents the three main topics of this chapter.
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Ch. 25 Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance
Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan10th EditionCampbell Biology: Concepts & ConnectionsISBN: 9780136538783
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Table of contents
- Ch. 1 Biology: The Study of Scientific Life19
- Ch. 2 The Chemical Basis of Life17
- Ch. 3 The Molecules of Cells21
- Ch. 4 A Tour of the Cell20
- Ch. 5 The Working Cell17
- Ch. 6 How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy18
- Ch. 7 Photosynthesis: Using Light to Make Food15
- Ch. 8 The Cellular Basis of Reproduction and Inheritance22
- Ch. 9 Patterns of Inheritance17
- Ch. 10 Molecular Biology of the Gene13
- Ch. 11 How Genes Are Controlled13
- Ch. 12 DNA Technology and Genomics23
- Ch. 13 How Populations Evolve17
- Ch. 14 The Origin of Species19
- Ch. 15 Tracing Evolutionary History18
- Ch. 16 Microbial Life: Prokaryotes and Protists16
- Ch. 17 The Evolution of Plant and Fungal Diversity15
- Ch. 18 The Evolution of Invertebrate Diversity13
- Ch. 19 The Evolution of Vertebrate Diversity18
- Ch. 20 Unifying Concepts of Animal Structure and Function11
- Ch. 21 Nutrition and Digestion16
- Ch. 22 Gas Exchange16
- Ch. 23 Circulation17
- Ch. 24 The Immune System16
- Ch. 25 Control of Body Temperature and Water Balance20
- Ch. 26 Hormones and the Endocrine System10
- Ch. 27 Reproduction and Embryonic Development12
- Ch. 28 Nervous Systems10
- Ch. 29 The Senses12
- Ch. 30 How Animals Move19
- Ch. 31 Plant Structure, Growth, and Reproduction9
- Ch. 32 Plant Nutrition and Transport12
- Ch. 33 Control Systems in Plants15
- Ch. 34 The Biosphere: An Introduction to Earth's Diverse Environments15
- Ch. 35 Behavioral Adaptations to the Environment12
- Ch. 36 Population Ecology15
- Ch. 37 Communities and Ecosystems14
- Ch. 38 Conservation Biology14
Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan10th EditionCampbell Biology: Concepts & ConnectionsISBN: 9780136538783Not the one you use?Change textbook
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Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan 10th EditionCh. 25 Control of Body Temperature and Water BalanceProblem 4
Taylor, Simon, Dickey, Hogan 10th EditionCh. 25 Control of Body Temperature and Water BalanceProblem 4Chapter 25, Problem 4
In each nephron of the kidney, the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule
a. Filter the blood and capture the filtrate.
b. Reabsorb water into the blood.
c. Break down harmful toxins and poisons.
d. Refine and concentrate the urine for excretion.
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand the structure and function of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. The nephron is responsible for filtering blood, reabsorbing essential substances, and excreting waste products.
Focus on the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule, which are the initial components of the nephron. The glomerulus is a network of capillaries, and Bowman's capsule is a cup-shaped structure surrounding the glomerulus.
Learn the process of filtration: Blood enters the glomerulus under pressure, and small molecules like water, ions, glucose, and waste products are filtered out of the blood into Bowman's capsule. Larger molecules like proteins and blood cells remain in the bloodstream.
Clarify that the filtrate collected in Bowman's capsule is the starting point for further processing in the nephron, including reabsorption and secretion, but the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule themselves do not reabsorb water or refine urine.
Eliminate incorrect options by understanding that the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are specifically involved in filtration, not toxin breakdown, water reabsorption, or urine concentration. This aligns with option 'a' as the correct description of their function.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Nephron Structure
The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, consisting of a glomerulus and Bowman's capsule, among other components. The glomerulus is a network of capillaries that filters blood, while Bowman's capsule surrounds it, collecting the filtrate. This structure is essential for the initial stage of urine formation.
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Filtration Process
Filtration in the nephron occurs when blood enters the glomerulus, where pressure forces water, ions, and small molecules through the capillary walls into Bowman's capsule. This process separates waste products from the blood, creating a filtrate that will undergo further processing in the nephron.
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Reabsorption and Secretion
After filtration, the nephron reabsorbs essential substances like water, glucose, and ions back into the bloodstream, while secreting additional waste products into the filtrate. This process is crucial for maintaining homeostasis and ensuring that valuable nutrients are not lost in urine.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question
In this schematic of urine production in a nephron, label the four processes involved and list some of the substances that are moved in each process.
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Textbook Question
Which of the following is not an adaptation for reducing the rate of heat loss to the environment?
a. Feathers or fur
b. Increasing blood flow to surface blood vessels
c. Huddling behavior of penguins
d. Countercurrent heat exchange
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Textbook Question
As filtrate passes through the loop of Henle, salt is reabsorbed and concentrated in the interstitial fluid of the medulla. This high solute concentration in the medulla enables nephrons to
a. Excrete the maximum amount of salt.
b. Neutralize toxins that might be found in the kidney.
c. Excrete a large amount of water.
d. Reabsorb water from the filtrate very efficiently.
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Textbook Question
Birds and insects excrete uric acid, whereas mammals and most amphibians excrete mainly urea. What is the chief advantage of uric acid over urea as a waste product?
a. Uric acid is a much simpler molecule.
b. It takes less energy to make uric acid.
c. Less water is required to excrete uric acid.
d. More solutes are removed excreting uric acid.
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Textbook Question
A freshwater fish would be expected to
a. Pump salt out through its gills.
b. Produce copious quantities of dilute urine.
c. Have scales and a covering of mucus that reduce water loss to the environment.
d. Do all of the above.
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