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Ch. 5 - Integration
Briggs - Calculus: Early Transcendentals 3rd Edition
Briggs3rd EditionCalculus: Early TranscendentalsISBN: 9780136847243Not the one you use?Change textbook
Chapter 5, Problem 5.R.9c

Integration by Riemann sums Consider the integral βˆ«β‚β΄ (3𝓍― 2) d𝓍.


(c) Evaluate the definite integral by taking the limit as n β†’βˆž of the Riemann sum in part (b).

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1
Step 1: Recall the formula for the Riemann sum approximation of a definite integral. Divide the interval [1, 4] into n subintervals of equal width Δ𝓍 = (4 - 1)/n = 3/n.
Step 2: Identify the sample points within each subinterval. For simplicity, use the right endpoints of each subinterval: 𝓍ᡒ = 1 + iΔ𝓍, where i ranges from 1 to n.
Step 3: Write the Riemann sum for the function f(𝓍) = 3𝓍 - 2 over the interval [1, 4]. The sum is given by Sβ‚™ = Ξ£α΅’β‚Œβ‚βΏ f(𝓍ᡒ)Δ𝓍, where f(𝓍ᡒ) = 3𝓍ᡒ - 2 and Δ𝓍 = 3/n.
Step 4: Substitute 𝓍ᡒ = 1 + iΔ𝓍 and Δ𝓍 = 3/n into the Riemann sum. This gives Sβ‚™ = Ξ£α΅’β‚Œβ‚βΏ [(3(1 + i(3/n)) - 2)(3/n)]. Simplify the expression inside the summation.
Step 5: Take the limit as n β†’ ∞ of the Riemann sum Sβ‚™. Use the properties of summation and limits to evaluate the sum, which will yield the value of the definite integral βˆ«β‚β΄ (3𝓍 - 2) d𝓍.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Riemann Sums

Riemann sums are a method for approximating the value of a definite integral by dividing the area under a curve into small rectangles. The sum of the areas of these rectangles provides an estimate of the integral. As the number of rectangles increases (n β†’ ∞) and their width decreases, the Riemann sum approaches the exact value of the integral.
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Introduction to Riemann Sums

Definite Integral

A definite integral represents the signed area under a curve between two specified limits, in this case, from 1 to 4. It is denoted as βˆ«β‚α΅‡ f(x) dx, where f(x) is the function being integrated. The value of a definite integral can be interpreted as the accumulation of quantities, such as area, over the interval [a, b].
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Definition of the Definite Integral

Limit Process

The limit process in calculus involves evaluating the behavior of a function as it approaches a certain point or value. In the context of Riemann sums, taking the limit as n approaches infinity allows us to refine our approximation of the integral, leading to the exact value. This process is fundamental in defining the concept of integration in calculus.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

Limit definition of the definite integral Use the limit definition of the definite integral with right Riemann sums and a regular partition to evaluate the following definite integrals. Use the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus to check your answer. 


βˆ«β‚€Β² (𝓍²―4) d𝓍

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Textbook Question

Use geometry and properties of integrals to evaluate the following definite integrals.

βˆ«β‚„β° (2𝓍 + √(16―𝓍²)) d𝓍 . (Hint: Write the integral as sum of two integrals.)

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Textbook Question

Area functions and the Fundamental Theorem Consider the function

Ζ’(t) = { t      if  β€•2 β‰€ t < 0

tΒ²/2    if    0 β‰€ t β‰€ 2

and its graph shown below. Let F(𝓍) = βˆ«β‚‹β‚Λ£ Ζ’(t) dt and G(𝓍) = βˆ«β‚‹β‚‚Λ£ Ζ’(t) dt.

(b) Use the Fundamental Theorem to find an expression for F '(𝓍) for β€•2 β‰€ π“ < 0.

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Textbook Question

Evaluating integrals Evaluate the following integrals.                                                                                                                                         

                                                                                                                                                                    

 βˆ« yΒ² /(yΒ³ + 27) dy

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Textbook Question

Explain why or why not Determine whether the following statements are true and give an explanation or counterexample. Assume Ζ’ and Ζ’' are continuous functions for all real numbers.

(f) βˆ«β‚α΅‡ (2 Ζ’(𝓍) ―3g (𝓍)) d𝓍 = 2 βˆ«β‚α΅‡ Ζ’(𝓍) d𝓍 + 3 βˆ«β‚†α΅ƒ g(𝓍) d𝓍 .

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Textbook Question

Explain why or why not Determine whether the following statements are true and give an explanation or counterexample. Assume Ζ’ and Ζ’' are continuous functions for all real numbers.

(b) Given an area function A(𝓍) = βˆ«β‚Λ£ Ζ’(t) dt and an antiderivative F of Ζ’, it follows that A'(𝓍) = F(𝓍) .

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