Ch. 7 - Logarithmic, Exponential Functions, and Hyperbolic Functions

Briggs - Calculus: Early Transcendentals 3rd Edition

Briggs3rd EditionCalculus: Early TranscendentalsISBN: 9780136847243Not the one you use?Change textbook

Briggs 3rd Edition

Ch. 7 - Logarithmic, Exponential Functions, and Hyperbolic Functions

Problem 7.3.35

Chapter 7, Problem 7.3.35

22–36. Derivatives Find the derivatives of the following functions.

f(x) = x sinh⁻¹ x − √(x² + 1)

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Step 1: Recognize that the function f(x) = x sinh⁻¹(x) − √(x² + 1) involves the inverse hyperbolic sine function (sinh⁻¹(x)) and a square root term. To find the derivative, we will apply the product rule, chain rule, and the derivative of inverse hyperbolic functions.

Step 2: Recall the derivative of sinh⁻¹(x), which is d/dx [sinh⁻¹(x)] = 1 / √(x² + 1). Also, recall the derivative of √(x² + 1), which is d/dx [√(x² + 1)] = (1 / (2√(x² + 1))) * d/dx [x² + 1] = x / √(x² + 1).

Step 3: Apply the product rule to the term x sinh⁻¹(x). The product rule states that d/dx [u(x)v(x)] = u'(x)v(x) + u(x)v'(x). Here, u(x) = x and v(x) = sinh⁻¹(x). Compute u'(x) = 1 and v'(x) = 1 / √(x² + 1). Substitute these into the product rule.

Step 4: Differentiate the second term, −√(x² + 1), using the chain rule. As derived earlier, the derivative of √(x² + 1) is x / √(x² + 1). Therefore, the derivative of −√(x² + 1) is −x / √(x² + 1).

Step 5: Combine all the results. The derivative of f(x) is f'(x) = [1 * sinh⁻¹(x) + x * (1 / √(x² + 1))] − (x / √(x² + 1)). Simplify the expression to get the final derivative.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Derivatives

A derivative represents the rate of change of a function with respect to its variable. It is a fundamental concept in calculus that provides information about the slope of the tangent line to the function's graph at any given point. The derivative can be computed using various rules, such as the power rule, product rule, and chain rule, depending on the form of the function.

Inverse Hyperbolic Functions

The inverse hyperbolic sine function, denoted as sinh⁻¹(x), is the inverse of the hyperbolic sine function. It is defined for all real numbers and is useful in calculus for finding derivatives and integrals involving hyperbolic functions. Understanding how to differentiate inverse hyperbolic functions is essential for solving problems that involve them.

Square Root Function

The square root function, represented as √(x² + 1), is a common mathematical function that returns the non-negative square root of its argument. When differentiating this function, the chain rule is often applied, as it involves a composition of functions. Recognizing how to handle square roots in differentiation is crucial for accurately finding derivatives of more complex expressions.

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22–36. Derivatives Find the derivatives of the following functions.f(x) = x sinh⁻¹ x − √(x² + 1)

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Key Concepts

Derivatives

Inverse Hyperbolic Functions

Square Root Function

22–36. Derivatives Find the derivatives of the following functions.

f(x) = x sinh⁻¹ x − √(x² + 1)